PlantRx

Monstera root rot

By Karim DiabatePublished Updated How these guides are built

Root rot on a monstera is a drainage problem before it is a disease. Roots sitting in mix that never dries suffocate first and rot second, so the fix is as much about what the plant is potted in as about the roots you cut away.

A healthy Monstera, photographed for reference
A healthy monstera for comparison. This is a reference photo, not a picture of the problem. Photo by Unknown author (CC BY-SA 3.0), via Wikimedia Commons.

What is specific to this plant

  • A mature monstera producing solid leaves with no splits or holes is short of light, not of fertiliser.
  • Aerial roots are normal and are not a sign of trouble. Do not cut them off; they anchor the plant as it climbs.
  • Monstera roots want air as much as water, which is why a dense peat-heavy mix causes trouble that the same watering in a chunky mix would not.

What it could be, and how to tell

These look alike in a photograph, so each one below lists what you would ALSO see if that is the cause. Work down the list and stop at the one where the other symptoms match too.

most common

1. A mix that never dries out

What else you would see

  • mix still wet days after watering, when this much should have dried: the top two to three inches
  • a heavy pot, and a dense mix that has compacted down
  • a sour or musty smell from the surface
How to confirm it: Push a finger well into the mix a few days after watering. If it is still wet down there, the mix is the problem and no change in watering habit fixes it on its own.

What to do

  1. Take the plant out and remove all of the old medium.
  2. Cut back every root that is brown, soft or hollow, using a blade sterilised first, back to firm tissue.
  3. Repot into fresh chunky, airy aroid mix, in a pot with real drainage, sized to the roots that remain rather than to the old pot.
  4. Water sparingly until new growth appears.
common

2. Watering on a schedule instead of on the plant

What else you would see

  • a fixed weekly routine regardless of season or light
  • the mix never actually reaching the dryness this plant wants: the top two to three inches
  • the problem arriving in winter, when the plant is using far less water
How to confirm it: Check whether it has ever dried this far between waterings: the top two to three inches. In winter, in lower light, the gap between waterings should get noticeably longer, and a fixed schedule is what drowns plants that were fine all summer.

What to do

  1. Water on dryness rather than on a fixed day of the week, and this is how far it should dry: the top two to three inches.
  2. Expect the interval to stretch in winter and shorten in summer.
common

3. Aerial roots that can carry the plant while the pot roots go

What else you would see

  • thick aerial roots coming off the stem well above the mix, firm and pale at the tip
  • the roots in the pot soft and brown while those in the air are not
  • the plant still holding its leaves despite a root ball that has largely gone
  • aerial roots reaching down toward the mix or already into it
How to confirm it: Before you decide how much of this plant can be saved, look at what is growing out of the stem rather than only at what is in the pot. A monstera climbs, and the aerial roots along its stem are working roots rather than decoration, so a plant with a rotted root ball frequently still has sound roots in the air. Firm aerial roots with pale growing tips mean there is something to repot into fresh mix even if almost nothing under the surface is worth keeping.

What to do

  1. Cut away every soft root in the pot and keep any aerial root that is firm, coiling the longest ones into the new pot rather than cutting them off.
  2. Repot into a chunky airy mix, since these roots want air and a dense mix suffocates them before it drowns them.
  3. Give the stem a moss pole or a support to hold onto, which is what the aerial roots are for and what gets them working faster.
  4. Take a cutting at a node with an aerial root attached while the plant still has one, since that is the piece most likely to root.
less common

4. Water standing under the pot

What else you would see

  • a decorative outer pot or cachepot with no drainage hole
  • a saucer that is rarely emptied
  • rot starting at the very base of the plant rather than at the root tips
How to confirm it: Lift the inner pot out of the outer one and look. Standing water there is one of the most common ways a houseplant is lost, and it is invisible until you check.

What to do

  1. Always let the pot drain fully, then tip out whatever collects underneath.
  2. Water in the morning so any excess has the day to drain and evaporate.
less common

5. A pot far bigger than the root ball

What else you would see

  • a recent move into a much larger pot
  • mix at the outside of the pot staying wet for weeks
  • the plant looking worse rather than better since it was repotted
How to confirm it: Mix with no roots in it holds water indefinitely, because nothing is drinking from it. A plant recently moved up two or three pot sizes is sitting in a reservoir.

What to do

  1. Repot back down to a pot only slightly larger than the root ball, in fresh chunky, airy aroid mix.
  2. Go up one size at a time in future.

Common questions

Can a plant recover from root rot?

Often, if enough firm root remains and the mix is changed at the same time. Cutting rotted roots away while leaving the plant in the mix that caused it is the usual reason a rescue fails.

How far back should I cut?

Into clean firm tissue, every time. A root that is soft, brown or hollow is already gone, and anything left behind carries on rotting in the fresh mix.

Should I use a fungicide?

The reliable part of the fix is mechanical: remove the rotted tissue and the waterlogged medium, and repot into something that drains. If you choose to use any product, follow the instructions on its label exactly, since the label is the legal instruction and overrides anything written here.

Is a monstera poisonous to cats, dogs or children?

Monstera contains calcium oxalate crystals and is widely listed as harmful to pets and children if chewed. We do not tell you that any plant is safe. If a pet or a child may have chewed any part of one, contact a vet, or Poison Control on 1-800-222-1222 in the US, immediately rather than waiting to see what happens.

Before you act on any of this

This is general plant care guidance for a plant, not advice about people or animals. We never tell you whether a plant is safe to eat or touch, and we never tell you a plant is safe for a child or a pet. If a child or animal may have eaten any part of a plant, contact Poison Control (US 1-800-222-1222) or a vet immediately rather than reading further.

Treatment advice here is deliberately category level. We do not give product names, mixing ratios or application intervals. Whatever the label on the product in your hand says is the instruction that counts, and following it is your responsibility.

Where this comes from

The general horticultural facts behind this differential come from published university extension and Royal Horticultural Society guidance. What is specific to this plant, and the order the causes are ranked in, is ours, and the methodology page says where that reasoning stops being reliable.

Other monstera problems

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